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In mathematics, the slope of a given line is the value at which its steepness is calculated. It also helps to characterize the direction of a given line. The extent of a line can also be calculated using Python programming language.

This article will demonstrate different methods that can be used to calculate the slope of a given line in Python.

Calculate the slope of a given line using a user-defined function in Python

The mathematical formula for the slope of a given line is given below.

m = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)

We can create a user defined function that implements this given formula for a given row.

The following code uses a user defined function slopeeto calculate the slope of a given line in Python.

def slopee(x1, y1, x2, y2):
    x = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
    return x


print(slopee(4, 5, 8, 10))

The above code gives the following output.

1.25

The function in the code above uses the general formula for the slope of a line and then returns its value.

SciPyCalculate the slope of a given line using the module in Python

SciPySciPy is an abbreviation for NumPy Scientific Python, which is a free-to-use open source library for technical and scientific computing with data in Python. In addition, SciPy SciPyrelies heavily on NumPythe NumPy library. In addition to NumPy, SciPy also contains more modules for statistics, linear algebra, image processing, and optimization.

Here, we will use one such function: linregress()function that computes the linear least squares regression of two given one-dimensional arrays of equal length. If we define the xand ycoordinates as arrays, you can use linregress()the function to find the slope of the line.

The following code uses the method SciPyof the module linregress()to calculate the slope of a given line in Python.

from scipy.stats import linregress

x = [4, 8]
y = [5, 10]
slope, intercept, r_value, p_value, std_err = linregress(x, y)
print(slope)

The above code gives the following output.

1.25

The slope of the line floatis returned as a data type.

NumPyCalculate the slope of a given line using the module in Python

NumPyIs Numerical Pythonthe abbreviation of and is a library provided by Python that handles arrays and provides functions to operate on these arrays.

np.polyfit()Functions are included in NumPythe library and can be used to find and return the slope and intercept given a specific line, where the line's coordinate set is defined as an array.

The following code uses np.polyfit()the function to calculate the slope of a given line in Python.

import numpy as np

x = [4, 8]
y = [5, 10]
slope, intercept = np.polyfit(x, y, 1)
print(slope)

The above code gives the following output.

1.2499999999999993